Y leiman



H. LEIMAN.

spx. APPLICATION FILED '18.14.1916.

Patented Jan. 22,1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

H. LEIMAN.

BOX.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. I4. 1916.

Patented Jan. 22, 1918.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

HENRY LEIMAN, OF TAMPA, FLORIDA.

BOX.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented J an. 22, 1918.

Application tiled February 14, 1916. Serial No. 78,223.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, HENRY LEIMAN, a citizen of the United States,residing at Tampa, in the county of Hillsborough and State of Florida,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boxes; and I dohereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact descriptionof the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to whichit appertains to make and use the same.

This invention relates to wooden boxes, and more especially to those ofthe knockdown t'pe made in sections or parts adapted to be s lipped flator in separated condition and set up by the receiver; and the object ofthe saine is to construct a rectangular box suitable for containing anycommodity requiring a small, substantial, and light package or containerthat will stand rough handling in the mail and express.

To this end I make the box in sections, its inner section being piecesof wood and as thin and light as possible, and yet interengaged whenthey are set up So that they will resist pressure from the exterior, andits outer section being a carton of heavy paper or light cardboard andof a size and shape to receive and hold the parts of the inner sectionin place, with or without glue or cement. Further details will be foundin the following specification, reference being had to the drawingswherein:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of one type of this box and Fig. 2 of itscover, one corn er of each being broken away and in section.

Figs. 3 and 4 are plan views of one end and one top panel, constitutingparts of the inner section or member, and Fig. 5 is an end view of thebody portion of the carton or outer member.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view on the line 6 6 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of another type of this box, here shown asprovided with a dili'erent form of cover made as an integral part of thecarton and shown as open, this view also illustrating a front Hap whichmay be provided and showing the same as nearly wide open.

The inner section or member of this composite knockdown box is bypreference made of wood, not only because it is preferable to have woodnext to certain commodities, but also because a box or package madeentirely of cardboard does not well resist external pressure as whenpassing through the mails or even within the pocket. Yet for salte ofcheapness and lightness I make the wood as light as possible and I cutthe parts from stock of as few standard sizes and shapes as may be. Eachend piece or panel of the box is made of a strip 1 of wood as seen inFig. 3, rabbeted along both its inner corners as at 2 so as to leavenarrow flanges along its outer corners as at 3. It is obvious that whenthe machine is set for making this strip it can be turned out in lengthslimited only by the condition of the lumber from which it is cut, andthese long strips can afterward be sawed into end pieces 1 as seen inFig. 3. In similar manner the top and bottom fpanels or pieces areformed from a strip o wood and then cut. into proper lengths as shown ata in Fig. 'l, each rabbeted along its inner corners as at 5 and leavingthin tianges along its outer corners as at (i, but this part is alsorabbeted across its en ds as at 7. The stock from which this part is cutcan be formed on the same machine excepting that the latter must be setto a little different gage, because the width of its body from onerabbet 5 to the other as indicated at 8, is by preference the same asthe width of the end piece l from the outer edge of one flange 3 to thatof the other ange as indicated at 9.

The sides of the inner section or member are formed from very thin woodlike veneer, into two like panels 10 whose grain is transverse to theheight or depth of the box as indicated at the upper portion of Fig. 1.and these panels may have thumb notches or cut-outs as shown at 11 inthe same view. Their thickness should be sufficient to fill out therabbets 2 and rest against the danges 3 when the arts are in place asseen in Fig. 6. Duplicate end panels are provided and stand upright inthe finished box. Duplicate side panels are also provided and also standupright with their edges lying in the rabbets of the end panels asshown, and a single bottom panel 4 completes the body of the box whilethe other panel 4 makes up part of the top as seen in Fig. 2. The toppanel is omitted in the construe tion shown in Fig. 7, and the bottompanel may be used or not as desired.

The outer section or member of this box may be called a covering orsheath 15. If made of paper it is possible that it could be applied fromthe sheet and its edges pasted together when it is applied, but Iypreferably malte it of very heavy paper or light cardboard, cut firstinto a strip and then bent into rectangular shape as seen 1n Fig. l.with its edges overlapping and pasted to each other as at 16 in Fig.This vlew shows how such a sheath may be collapsed or flattened out forstorage or transfer. In length the sheath may be slightly less than theheight of the wooden parts 1 and 1Q, so that the latter rise above it asseen in Flg. 1 for the. reception of the cover, but the sheath isadapted in size to the interior member around which it fits very snugly.

In making up a box body from the members described, a sheath 15 isopened from its fiat to its rectangular condition, and a panel 4inserted into its lower end so that the latter rests in the rabbets 5and 7, within which it is preferably held by glue. Two of the end panels1 are then slipped down into the ends of the sheath until they rest onthe bottom, to which they may be glued if desired, although this is notnecessary;

nd finally two of the side panels 10 are s ipped down into the sheathwith their side edges in and accurately filling the 51de rabbets 2 ofthe end panels. and these also may or may not be glued to the bottom. Astheir grain is transverse, it is the end of the grain which rests in therabbets and the side panels therefore resist pressure on the sides ofthe box, as of course the end panels resist pressure on the ends of thebox and the bottom panel strengthens its bottom.

The closure for the upper end may be such as desired. The wooden panelsdescribed may project above the sheath as shown in Fig. l, or thesepanels may terminate flush with the sheath. but that construction isperhaps best illustrated in Fig. 7 yet to be described. lVith the boxshown in Fig. 1 I may well use the cover shown 1n Fig. '2. This is madeu of one of the wooden members '-1, and a s irt 17 which is a strip ofthe same piece of light cardboard as that composingr the sheath, thestrip being carried around and glued into the rabbets 5 and 7 and itsends lapped and glued together at 18. bviously this skirt then forms arectangle which is of the same size and Ashape as the body of thesheath, and the panel 4 holds it in this shape: therefore. when suchcover is brought into position itcan be slipped over the protrudingupper ends of the wooden members. and the box may be neatly closedthereby. When the cover is removed, the thumb and linger can be passedthrough the notches 11 (if they are employed) to grasp the contents andwithdraw them. lthough not so illustrated, it is quite possible that thebox and its cover may have an additional wrapper as of paper, and thiswrapper could well cross the line between the meeting edges of the skirtand sheath so that if it were pasted on both it would serve as a coverfastener. Or the wrapper may inclose the entire box and its Cover and befolded in or otherwise fastened without being glued to any part. Noclaim is made herein for the cover fastener.

In the construction shown in Fig. the same upright wooden panels areemployed in making'up the inner members and with the closure thereinshown these panels are cut off Hush with the top of theY sheath. Theyare made from the saine stock, and they are cheap and light while yetbeing serviceable to resist pressure and protect the contents. So alsothe same sheathis employed, and the parts are assembled in the .samemanner excepting that the bottom panel may be omitted and the coverpanel is omitted if a cover is used as shown in this view. Such a coverI prefer because it is even cheaper than that above described, but theomission of the top and bottom wooden panels obviously removes theprotection which they would atford at the top and bottom of the box.although I find that not always necessary. One side panel of the sheathis herein ,shown as carried upward in a cover Q0 which is a rectangular'panel of proper size to overlie the top of the box body. This cover iscarried upward in another panel which we may call the cover flap 21which may be about the size of the cover 20, and it is quite possible toprovide the outer edger of the cover fiap with a tongue :'22 capable ofenteringr a slit '23 for holding the closure in place. although thisdetail may be omitted. The cover is united to the sheath body7 by a.score line and to the cover fiap by another score line so that theparts may be folded over to close the box in a manner which is obvious.and the closure may be fastened by any suitable means as by passing thetongue 22 into the slit 28. Part of the lower corner of Fig. T has beenbroken away to show that ontl panel of the sheath is continued downwardinto a flap :2-1 which. in the finishing of the box, is brought upagainst the lower ends of the upright wooden members and possibly gluedthereto. Finally a wrapper paper (preferably of fanciful design) isapplied to the outside of the sheath and perhaps carried over its cover.and this wrapper is indicated broadly at 30. It is carried around thesheath and its edges pasted over upon each other, and at the lower endof the box it is turned in and pasted onto itself as indicated at 31.The purpose of the wrapper is to make a neat covering. and perhaps itmay be printed or engraved in-imitation'of wood; and whether the bottomflap 24 is glued to the upright panels or not, the fold ing in of thewrapper as at 31 will hold h2o-1,5 1o

said flap in place. Fig. 7 also shows how the front of the box might beprovided with a flap 25 by scoring the sheath and its Wrapper across theline 2G and cutting the wooden side panel on a corresponding transverseline 2T: but this is only one of many expt-iltntsr which may be resortedto in order to givithe consumer access to the contents so that he inawithdraw the latter without injury to the ox or the contents. I do notwish m be limited to the use of a Wrapper at all. whether appliedloosely or pasted around the box and its cover as descrlbed with re-pectto Figs. l and 2, or Whether applied permanently and utilized to hold inIlnl bottoni as described with respect to Fig. T. ian it' the Wrapper beemployed it has its function of advantage as well as that ofornamentation. rlhe size and proportion of parts are obviously mattersof no moment.

llt-sides the bracing effect which the internal or Wooden member has onthe external member or sheath when the parts are assembled, theinvention possesses an advantage in its lrnockdown feature. That is tosay. all parts ofthe inner member are cut from quite thin strips oflight Wood, and ina)` he shipped or stored in .small compass; and theshe-.1th and its skirt, as well as the wrapper paper if it is used, willof course flatten out and may also be shipped and stored in smallcompass. Therefore these boxes may be sent by the manufacturer to theuser in quantities, and by the latter set up according to directionswhich will accom pany the package, and as the parts are all light thecost of transportation will be small. This clement of lightness also hasthe same advantage if the user is engaged in .shipping commodities bsending the box through the mail, an yet the finished box has sutiicientstrength to stand the rough usage in transit.

What I claim is:

1. In a box structure, an inner sectional lining includin two oppositeand relatively thick end pane s whose side or longitudinal corners arerecessed to produce flanges along their outer corners and marginalseats, and two relativelythimopposite panelswhose side edges lie withinand fill said seats to the outer edges of said flanges; the said panelsbeing disconnected from each other, an outer Hexible and collapsibletubular sheath adapted to inclose all panels and holding them inengagement with each other, a bottom section having recessed corners inone plane to snugly Ht up into said sheath and thereby sustain the samein such position, and a. closure for the other end thereof.

2. A knoclvdown box comprising two upright end panels whose edges arerabbeted along their inner corners to produce flanoes, and two uprightside panels `whose e ges lie within said rabbets and rest against theflanges and flush with the outer edges thereof; and an external andrelatively pliable, collapsible tubular sheath adapted to telescopically receive all said panels, a bottom member snugly fitting intoand trussing said sheath, and having a marginal flange co-extensive withthe bottom edge of the Sheath.

3. A composite knock-down box structure consisting of a flexibletubular, laterally collapsible shell or sheath open at each end, abottom piece, the corners of one face of which are continuously rabbetedsufficiently' to form a seat, the outer edge of which is Hush with thesides of the sheath when mounted thereon, opposite lining side pieces ofslightly less length than the inside surface of the side Walls of thesheath, key or end panels having their longitudinal edges rabbeted alongone face a depth equal to the thickness of said side pieces, and, withthe sides of the sheath, forming guideuays to receive and support theends of the respective lining pieces, which latter and the end panels attheir bottom edges abut the inner face of the bottom piece, which shapesand braces the box, and a closure for the opposite end of the box thusformed.

4. A composite box structure consisting of a tubular, pliabletransversely collapsible and distensible sheath open at both ends, abottom piece rabbeted entirely around its corners at one face forming apanel adapted to snugly t up into one end of the sheath to support thesame in distended position, the flange formed by the rabbet abuttingagainst the rim of the sheath, end pieces of a width to snugly fittransversely across the sheath and rabbeted longitudinally at thecorners to form channels in the sheath corners, thin sheets forming sidelinings whose edges snugly fit the channels, all glued at contactingfaces, and a closure for the top end of the box.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

HENRY LEIMAN.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Intenta,

Washington, D. C.

